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A quadratic indirect boundary element method for modelling gas bubbles under three dimensional deformation
 
G. Lindkvist, S. J. Shaw, S. A. Forth and T. W. Lowe
 
Proceedings of 
ICFD Conference on Numerical Methods for Fluid Dynamics
University of Reading, 26-29 March 2007 (CDROM)
 

Abstract 
We model the volume oscillations and shape distortion (axisymmetric and asymmetric) of a gas bubble in an inviscid, incompressible liquid, and account for the effects of surface tension. The parallelised quadratic, indirect boundary element method used allows for a higher spatial resolution than used in previous three dimensional boundary element simulations of bubble oscillation. The ensuing ordinary differential equations for the nodal positions of the bubble surface and associated velocity potentials are integrated using a fourth order Runge-Kutta method making use of the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions. At each time step the decomposition of the surface mesh into a series of spherical harmonics permits comparison with previous results obtained using perturbation techniques. We demonstrate that the method is numerically stable unlike many boundary element formulations for bubble problems which require smoothing/filtering.

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